David Hume was born in Edinburgh and showed an early inclination for study and writing. His most famous work, 'A Treatise of Human Nature', published anonymously in 1739-1740, was initially poorly received but later recognized as a landmark in the history of philosophy. Hume also made significant contributions to economics and history, writing a monumental 'History of England'. He was known for his analytical mind and skepticism, questioning causality and induction, and arguing that all knowledge derives from sensory experience. Despite his intellectual contributions, his academic career faced obstacles due to his views considered radical for the time. Hume passed away in Edinburgh in 1776.