Friedrich Dürrenmatt (1921 – 1990) was one of the most important German-language writers of the 20th century, recognized worldwide for his theater and prose. Born in Konolfingen, Canton of Bern, Switzerland, Dürrenmatt studied philosophy and theology before dedicating himself to writing. His work is characterized by a skeptical and ironic view of the world, often exploring themes such as justice, morality, responsibility, and the nature of evil. He became known for his use of the grotesque, satire, and the element of surprise in his plays, which often challenge traditional dramatic conventions. Works such as "The Visit of the Old Lady" (Der Besuch der alten Dame, 1956), "The Physicists" (Die Physiker, 1962), and "The Fire Raisers" (Brand, 1955) are striking examples of his theatrical genius. In prose, novels such as "The Pledge" (Der Verdacht, 1953) and "The Judge and His Hangman" (Der Richter und sein Henker, 1950) stand out. Dürrenmatt was a keen critic of society and politics, and his work continues to be staged and studied worldwide, influencing generations of writers and playwrights.